{"id":28071,"date":"2018-10-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2018-10-23T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ashleydev.com\/2018\/10\/23\/nuclear-a-heavyweight-in-the-battle-against-obesity-3\/"},"modified":"2020-08-27T11:26:45","modified_gmt":"2020-08-27T15:26:45","slug":"nuclear-a-heavyweight-in-the-battle-against-obesity-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cna.ca\/fr\/2018\/10\/23\/nuclear-a-heavyweight-in-the-battle-against-obesity-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Nuclear a heavyweight in the battle against&nbsp;obesity"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-18786 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/cna.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/obesity-editorial.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"404\" \/>For centuries, hunger and a lack of food was the norm for the general population.<\/p>\n<p>Being overweight or obese was considered a symbol of wealth and prosperity. It wasn\u2019t until improvements in farming and industrial technologies developed in the 18<sup>th<\/sup> century that the number of people who were overweight started to increase.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe scarcity of food throughout most of history had led to connotations that being fat was good, and that corpulence and increased \u2018flesh\u2019 were desirable as reflected in the arts, literature, and medical opinion of the times,\u201d a 2006 Baylor College of Medicine <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17045228\">paper<\/a> on the history of obesity explained.<\/p>\n<p>Almost 200 years later, \u201cbeing fat\u201d or obesity is no longer good and has become a full-blown epidemic in both the developed and developing world.<\/p>\n<p>In 1997, the World Health Organization (WHO) recognized obesity as a global epidemic as rates rose in countries such as Mexico, Brazil, China and Thailand.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOverweight and obesity represent a rapidly growing threat to the health of populations in an increasing number of countries,\u201d the WHO stated in a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/nutrition\/publications\/obesity\/WHO_TRS_894\/en\/\">2000 study<\/a>. \u201cIndeed, they are now so common that they are replacing more traditional problems such as undernutrition and infectious diseases as the most significant causes of ill-health.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Now, nuclear technology is being used in the battle against childhood obesity, which has increased from 4.2% of the population to 6.7% between 1990 and 2010. Every third eleven-year-old child in Europe and Central Asia is overweight or obese, according to the WHO. And the problem is worse in developing countries. Of 42 million children under five years of age with excess weight, 31 million are in developing countries.<\/p>\n<p>The IAEA is now supporting efforts to use isotope techniques to better measure body composition and energy expenditure to assess how lifestyle changes can help in the fight against childhood obesity, Body composition is assessed using the deuterium dilution technique by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR).<\/p>\n<p>Through the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) technical cooperation programme, the IAEA has supplied FTIR equipment to authorities in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece and Montenegro to help with analysis of deuterium enrichment in saliva samples.<\/p>\n<p>During May\u2019s European Congress on Obesity conference, the IAEA <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iaea.org\/newscenter\/news\/tackling-childhood-obesity-in-europe-with-the-help-of-nuclear-techniques-iaea-symposium-at-european-congress-on-obesity\">held a symposium<\/a> titled \u201cAssessing body composition for better understanding of risks related to childhood obesity and designing effective interventions\u201d to explain the role of isotope techniques.<\/p>\n<p>So how does the technology work?<\/p>\n<p>A person drinks a weighed amount of non-radioactive water with deuterium, a stable isotope of hydrogen. \u00a0After a few hours the isotope is spread throughout the body water, which can be sampled in the form of saliva or urine.\u00a0 Deuterium enrichment in saliva is measured using an FTIR or an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS). Since the amount of deuterium is known, the total volume of body water can be calculated from the enrichment.\u00a0 Based on the assumption, that fat is water-free, scientists can accurately determine the body\u2019s ratio of fat and fat-free tissue.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThis nuclear technique is accurate and safe to use in all age groups, it is not associated with any radiation hazard, and is suitable for the use in field settings,\u201d according to the IAEA.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For centuries, hunger and a lack of food was the norm for the general population. Being overweight or obese was considered a symbol of wealth and prosperity. It wasn\u2019t until improvements in farming and industrial technologies developed in the 18th century that the number of people who were overweight started to increase. \u201cThe scarcity of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[537],"tags":[],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-28071","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-talknuclear"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Nuclear a heavyweight in the battle against obesity - Association nucl\u00e9aire canadienne<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cna.ca\/fr\/2018\/10\/23\/nuclear-a-heavyweight-in-the-battle-against-obesity-3\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nuclear a heavyweight in the battle against obesity - Association nucl\u00e9aire canadienne\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"For centuries, hunger and a lack of food was the norm for the general population. 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