{"id":14909,"date":"2016-12-13T01:00:31","date_gmt":"2016-12-13T06:00:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cna.ca\/fr\/?post_type=news&p=14909"},"modified":"2020-03-10T13:55:03","modified_gmt":"2020-03-10T17:55:03","slug":"lenergie-nucleaire-repondre-la-penurie-de-leau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cna.ca\/fr\/2016\/12\/13\/lenergie-nucleaire-repondre-la-penurie-de-leau\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019\u00c9nergie nucl\u00e9aire : r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 la p\u00e9nurie de l\u2019eau"},"content":{"rendered":"

novembre 2016<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u2019eau\u00a0: elle comprend la plus grande partie de la surface de notre plan\u00e8te, plus de 70\u00a0% pour \u00eatre exact. Et elle devient de plus en plus rare.<\/p>\n

Comme indiqu\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment par le Fonds mondial pour la nature (WWF)<\/a>, \u00ab\u00a01,1 milliard de personnes \u00e0 travers le monde manquent d\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019eau potable, et 2,7 milliards de personnes vivent avec une p\u00e9nurie d\u2019eau pour au moins un mois pendant l\u2019ann\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

\"greenaperture\"

Photo Credit: Greenaperture\/Shutterstock<\/p><\/div>\n

Le nombre de personnes touch\u00e9es par la p\u00e9nurie de l\u2019eau est cens\u00e9 augmenter \u00e0 cause de la demande croissante. Selon le Rapport mondial des ressources en eau des Nations Unies 2016<\/a>, le secteur de l\u2019\u00e9nergie d\u00e9pend beaucoup de l\u2019eau pour la production et l\u2019alimentation en \u00e9lectricit\u00e9. La population croissante et les am\u00e9liorations \u00e9conomiques poussent la demande pour l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9. La consommation d\u2019eau totale \u00e0 travers le monde pour le secteur de l\u2019\u00e9nergie pourrait augmenter par 20\u00a0% annuellement.<\/p>\n

La demande croissante pour l\u2019eau est aussi le r\u00e9sultat du changement climatique, ce qui ajoute de la pression pour l\u2019approvisionnement en eau sur la plan\u00e8te. L\u2019ann\u00e9e\u00a02015 \u00e9tait l\u2019ann\u00e9e la plus chaude<\/a> consign\u00e9e sur la plan\u00e8te. La temp\u00e9rature plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e augmente le taux d\u2019\u00e9vaporation et d\u00e9place les r\u00e9serves d\u2019eau, rendant ainsi certaines r\u00e9gions plus arides et inondant d\u2019autres.<\/p>\n

Comme il est indiqu\u00e9 dans le Rapport du d\u00e9veloppement durable r\u00e9cent de Cameco<\/a>, l\u2019industrie nucl\u00e9aire continue d\u2019offrir une piste d\u2019\u00e9nergie propre pour produire de l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, y compris la r\u00e9duction des d\u00e9chets et de la consommation de l\u2019eau, ce qui diminue l\u2019empreinte \u00e9cologique.<\/p>\n

Tirant parti de ses succ\u00e8s en 2015, Cameco continue d\u2019envisager une diminution de la consommation de l\u2019eau et d\u2019\u00e9nergie, aidant ainsi \u00e0 compenser les \u00e9missions des GES et \u00e0 r\u00e9duire leur impact climatique. Un des plus grands producteurs d\u2019uranium au monde, Cameco a am\u00e9lior\u00e9 l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 de la d\u00e9contamination de l\u2019eau en raccourcissant le processus de 15 ans \u00e0 deux ans et demi. La soci\u00e9t\u00e9 a aussi trouv\u00e9 une fa\u00e7on de r\u00e9utiliser des roches st\u00e9riles.<\/a> Selon le type de roche st\u00e9rile, le mat\u00e9riau peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 comme substitut pour le sable dans la production de b\u00e9ton destin\u00e9 \u00e0 remblayer les mines, comme granulat pour la construction des routes, ainsi que dans des m\u00e9langes de b\u00e9ton. Ces mesures r\u00e9duisent la consommation de ressources naturelles et recyclent des mat\u00e9riaux qui retournent ainsi dans l\u2019environnement.<\/p>\n

De plus, la plus grande partie de l\u2019eau utilis\u00e9e dans la production nucl\u00e9aire de l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 est recycl\u00e9e. Plus de 95\u00a0% de l\u2019eau utilis\u00e9e est retourn\u00e9e dans l\u2019environnement, une valeur que le Petit r\u00e9acteur modulaire (PRM)<\/a> cherchera \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer. Quoiqu\u2019ils n’en soient qu’\u00e0 leurs balbutiements, les r\u00e9acteurs nucl\u00e9aires de la prochaine g\u00e9n\u00e9ration exigeront moins de terrain et moins d\u2019eau, ce qui r\u00e9duira la pression sur nos ressources naturelles.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 la Conf\u00e9rence g\u00e9n\u00e9rale\u00a02015 de l\u2019Agence internationale de l\u2019\u00e9nergie atomique (AIEA)<\/a>, l\u2019importance des PMR (petits et moyens r\u00e9acteurs) \u00e9tait soulign\u00e9e\u00a0: Les PMR peuvent offrir des avantages importants pour les pays d\u00e9butants en \u00e9nergie nucl\u00e9aire, surtout ceux avec des r\u00e9seaux \u00e9lectriques plus petits, avec une infrastructure moins d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e et des capacit\u00e9s d\u2019investissement plus limit\u00e9es,\u00a0\u00bb commenta Mikhail Chudakov, directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral adjoint et chef du d\u00e9partement de l\u2019\u00e9nergie nucl\u00e9aire de l\u2019AIEA, lors de son discours \u00e0 la conf\u00e9rence. \u00ab\u00a0Les pays avec un programme d\u2019\u00e9nergie nucl\u00e9aire existant peuvent aussi consid\u00e9rer les PMR pour des applications sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es telles que le d\u00e9ploiement dans les zones \u00e9loign\u00e9es, la production de chaleur et le dessalement\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

La plus petite taille r\u00e9duit le cout, ce qui rend la production d\u2019\u00e9nergie plus abordable pour toutes les collectivit\u00e9s. Les finances \u00e0 part, afin d\u2019am\u00e9liorer les conditions de vie des communaut\u00e9s \u00e9loign\u00e9es et en d\u00e9veloppement, il faudra des investissements consid\u00e9rables pour cr\u00e9er des options de production d\u2019\u00e9nergie non seulement avec une empreinte sur l\u2019environnement minime, mais aussi avec la capacit\u00e9 de r\u00e9duire, r\u00e9utiliser et recycler, pour un cycle complet de durabilit\u00e9 \u00e9cologique.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

novembre 2016 L\u2019eau\u00a0: elle comprend la plus grande partie de la surface de notre plan\u00e8te, plus de 70\u00a0% pour \u00eatre exact. Et elle devient de plus en plus rare. Comme indiqu\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment par le Fonds mondial pour la nature (WWF), \u00ab\u00a01,1 milliard de personnes \u00e0 travers le monde manquent d\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019eau potable, et 2,7 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15317,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[244],"tags":[],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-14909","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-contenu-vedette"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nL\u2019\u00c9nergie nucl\u00e9aire : r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 la p\u00e9nurie de l\u2019eau - Association nucl\u00e9aire canadienne<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cna.ca\/fr\/2016\/12\/13\/lenergie-nucleaire-repondre-la-penurie-de-leau\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u2019\u00c9nergie nucl\u00e9aire : r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 la p\u00e9nurie de l\u2019eau - Association nucl\u00e9aire canadienne\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"novembre 2016 L\u2019eau\u00a0: elle comprend la plus grande partie de la surface de notre plan\u00e8te, plus de 70\u00a0% pour \u00eatre exact. Et elle devient de plus en plus rare. Comme indiqu\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment par le Fonds mondial pour la nature (WWF), \u00ab\u00a01,1 milliard de personnes \u00e0 travers le monde manquent d\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019eau potable, et 2,7 […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/cna.ca\/fr\/2016\/12\/13\/lenergie-nucleaire-repondre-la-penurie-de-leau\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Association nucl\u00e9aire canadienne\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/canadanuclear\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-12-13T06:00:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-03-10T17:55:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/cna.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/Water-editorial.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"808\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"594\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cna_admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cna_admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cna.ca\\\/fr\\\/2016\\\/12\\\/13\\\/lenergie-nucleaire-repondre-la-penurie-de-leau\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cna.ca\\\/fr\\\/2016\\\/12\\\/13\\\/lenergie-nucleaire-repondre-la-penurie-de-leau\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cna_admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cna.ca\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/b0c8179b9b04ade90057bc7a30b2fbd2\"},\"headline\":\"L\u2019\u00c9nergie nucl\u00e9aire : r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 la p\u00e9nurie de l\u2019eau\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-12-13T06:00:31+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-03-10T17:55:03+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cna.ca\\\/fr\\\/2016\\\/12\\\/13\\\/lenergie-nucleaire-repondre-la-penurie-de-leau\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":759,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cna.ca\\\/fr\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cna.ca\\\/fr\\\/2016\\\/12\\\/13\\\/lenergie-nucleaire-repondre-la-penurie-de-leau\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cna.ca\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2016\\\/12\\\/Water-editorial.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Contenu vedette\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cna.ca\\\/fr\\\/2016\\\/12\\\/13\\\/lenergie-nucleaire-repondre-la-penurie-de-leau\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cna.ca\\\/fr\\\/2016\\\/12\\\/13\\\/lenergie-nucleaire-repondre-la-penurie-de-leau\\\/\",\"name\":\"L\u2019\u00c9nergie nucl\u00e9aire : r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 la p\u00e9nurie de l\u2019eau - 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